Gastroduodenitis

Classification of Gastroduodenitis

Acute Gastroduodenitis

Acute gastroduodenitis develops suddenly, often triggered by dietary mistakes, stress, or medication use. It is characterized by marked inflammation of the mucosa, pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, and bowel disturbances. With timely treatment and proper diet, the condition usually resolves.

Chronic Gastroduodenitis

The chronic form arises due to prolonged exposure to irritating factors. Symptoms are less pronounced but persistent. Exacerbations alternate with remission. Complications, including peptic ulcers, may develop over time.

Types of Gastroduodenitis

Gastroduodenitis may be classified as superficial, erosive, hypertrophic, or atrophic, depending on the extent of mucosal damage. It can also be categorized by acidity levels: with increased, normal, or decreased secretion.

Causes and Risk Factors

Etiology

Key causes of gastroduodenitis include:

• Helicobacter pylori infection

• Poor dietary habits (spicy, fatty foods, irregular meals)

• Frequent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

• Smoking and alcohol consumption

• Endocrine and metabolic disorders

Triggering Factors

Common triggering factors include stressful situations, chronic fatigue, weakened immunity, genetic predisposition, and the presence of other gastrointestinal diseases.

Symptoms of Gastroduodenitis

Main manifestations:

• Pain in the epigastric area

• Heartburn

• Nausea, sometimes vomiting

• Abdominal bloating

• Appetite disturbances

• General weakness

• Irregular bowel movements (constipation or diarrhea)

The severity of symptoms depends on the disease form and level of inflammation. In chronic cases, symptoms may be vague.

Pathogenesis of the Disease

The inflammatory process begins with damage to the gastric or duodenal mucosa, disrupting protective mechanisms and increasing the effect of gastric acid on organ walls. This leads to redness, swelling, and sometimes erosions or superficial ulcers. In prolonged cases, mucosal atrophy may occur.

Диагностика гастродуоденита

Diagnosis of Gastroduodenitis

To make an accurate diagnosis, the following methods are used:

Edoscopic Examination

Allows visual assessment of the mucosal state and detection of inflammation, erosion, or hypertrophy.

Histological Examination

Performed on biopsy samples taken during endoscopy. Confirms the presence of inflammation and distinguishes between acute and chronic forms.

Assessment of Gastric Secretory Function

Determines the acidity level of gastric juice. Useful in suspected secretion disorders.

Evaluation of Motor Function

Examines motility and evacuation functions of the stomach and intestines. Motility disorders may aggravate symptoms.

Radiographic Examination

Used less frequently, but may help rule out other pathologies or when endoscopy is not feasible.

Treatment of Gastroduodenitis

Treatment Methods

Treatment depends on the form, stage, and cause of the disease. It may include:

• Antibiotic therapy if Helicobacter pylori is detected

• Use of antacids and proton pump inhibitors

• Prescription of gastroprotective and enzyme medications

• A comprehensive approach tailored to the individual patient

Diet for Gastroduodenitis

Diet therapy plays a key role. A gentle diet is prescribed: spicy, fried, acidic, and overly hot foods are excluded. Recommended items include soups, porridge, boiled meat, and kissel. Meals should be small, regular, and moderate in quantity.

Complications of Gastroduodenitis

Without treatment, gastroduodenitis may lead to:

• Peptic ulcers of the stomach or duodenum

• Mucosal atrophy

• Gastric bleeding

• Impaired nutrient absorption

• Chronic pain syndromes and reduced quality of life

Prognosis and Prevention

With timely treatment and adherence to recommendations, the prognosis is favorable. It is important to avoid risk factors, maintain a healthy diet, and follow proper sleep and rest routines. Prevention includes regular gastrointestinal check-ups, especially for those with hereditary predisposition or chronic gastritis.

Gastroduodenitis Treatment in Russia

Clinics

• Olimp Clinic MARUS — Specializes in comprehensive gastroenterological care, including endoscopic diagnostics and personalized treatment planning.
• MEDSI — Offers modern diagnostic methods, outpatient and inpatient treatment, including for chronic forms of gastroduodenitis.
• EMC (European Medical Center) — Treats gastroduodenitis using international protocols and a multidisciplinary approach.

Cost

The cost of gastroduodenitis treatment in Russia varies depending on the clinic, extent of diagnostic procedures, and treatment duration. On average, the initial course of diagnostics and medication may cost between $100 and $350.

MARUS Assistance

MARUS service helps you find a clinic in Russia for gastroduodenitis treatment, compare prices, book a doctor’s appointment, and receive support throughout the entire process. We partner with trusted centers and experienced gastroenterologists so you can start treatment without unnecessary stress or delays.