Osteosynthesis

Indications for the Procedure

Absolute indications

• Complex open injuries with multiple fragments

• Complete destruction of bone structure

• Injuries where stability cannot be ensured by other means

• Axial misalignment and fragment displacement that threaten loss of function

Relative indications

• Non-union injuries after previous treatment

• Injuries in elderly patients where conservative treatment carries a higher risk of complications

• Injuries where fast rehabilitation is essential, such as in professional athletes

Contraindications

• Severe infectious processes in the body

• Serious comorbid conditions in an acute stage

• High risk of thrombosis without the possibility of prevention

• Severe cardiopulmonary failure making surgery dangerous 

Types of Osteosynthesis

External fixation

This method uses devices located outside the body. Pins are inserted through the skin and connected externally by a metal frame. It is an indispensable method for open and contaminated injuries where easy access to wounds is necessary.

Internal fixation

Fixation devices are installed directly on the damaged bone. Screws, plates, and rods are used to securely hold the fragments in the correct position. This method is most often used for closed and stable fractures.

Limb fixation devices

For upper limb injuries (shoulder, forearm, elbow), anatomically contoured plates with angular stability are used, allowing early movement. For lower limb injuries (thigh, shin, foot), strong rods and plates are applied to withstand higher loads.

Maxillofacial fixation

Miniature devices are used to restore the integrity of facial bones, enabling precise alignment of fragments and preservation of aesthetics. This area often involves minimally invasive approaches. 

Preoperative Preparation

Before the procedure, the patient undergoes a comprehensive examination: X-rays, CT scans, blood tests, and consultations with a therapist, anesthesiologist, and other specialists. The doctor carefully selects the type of fixation considering the patient's age, injury location, and characteristics. Preparation may also involve treatment of comorbid conditions and prevention of possible complications.

How the Surgery Is Performed

The operation is performed under general or regional anesthesia. The surgeon carefully aligns the bone fragments, eliminates displacements, and secures the parts with the selected devices. After fixation, stability is thoroughly checked, sutures are applied, and additional immobilization may be used if needed. The average procedure duration is from 1 to 4 hours.

Possible Complications

• Infectious complications, especially in open injuries

• Rejection or breakage of fixation devices

• Neurological damage due to nearby structures being affected

• Delayed union or nonunion requiring repeat surgery

• Thrombosis and other general surgical risks

Specific complications

These may include excessive bone callus formation, joint contractures, pronounced scarring, or the need to remove implants in the future. 

Rehabilitation After Osteosynthesis

Recovery is a crucial part of treatment aimed at full restoration of limb function and prevention of complications. From the first days after surgery, respiratory exercises and light physical activity begin to maintain general tone. Later, rehabilitation includes physiotherapy, massage, therapeutic exercise, manual therapy, electromyostimulation, PNF and IASTM therapy, and medical fitness.

Osteosynthesis in Russia

Treatment in Russia is performed in clinics equipped with modern technologies that use the latest fixation techniques. Doctors have extensive experience and perform both classical and minimally invasive surgeries using advanced implants. An individual approach and high-quality rehabilitation ensure excellent outcomes even in complex clinical cases.

Surgical restoration of bone structure is an effective way to return mobility and quality of life after severe injuries. Timely intervention, skilled surgery, and professional rehabilitation significantly increase the chances of full recovery.

The MARUS platform helps international patients arrange not only surgical treatment but also high-quality rehabilitation in Russia. We select the best specialized clinics, coordinate the process at every stage, assist in finding qualified doctors, translate medical documents, and support the patient from the initial consultation to complete recovery.